AWS IAM Interviews Questions and Answers

AWS Interview Questions and Answers

What is AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) and why is it important?

AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) is a web service that enables you to manage access to AWS services and resources securely. It allows you to create and manage users, groups, and roles, and define granular permissions to access resources within your AWS account.

IAM is important for several reasons:

Security: IAM provides a central location to manage access to your AWS resources, helping you to secure your account and data. It allows you to create unique credentials for each user or application, and apply permissions that limit access to only what is necessary.
Compliance: IAM supports compliance with various regulatory requirements, such as HIPAA, PCI DSS, and SOC 2. You can use IAM to enforce access controls, audit user activity, and monitor compliance with industry standards.
Cost control: IAM allows you to control costs by setting up and managing user permissions for specific AWS resources, ensuring that users have access only to the resources they need. This helps to prevent unauthorized usage and reduces costs associated with over-provisioning.
Centralized management: IAM provides a centralized place to manage user access to all AWS services and resources, making it easier to administer and maintain access controls across your organization.

Overall, IAM is a crucial component of AWS security and access management, and is essential for managing access to your AWS resources in a secure and efficient manner.

What are the benefits of using IAM?

There are several benefits of using AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM):

Security: IAM helps you to secure your AWS resources by allowing you to control who can access them and what actions they can perform. This reduces the risk of unauthorized access and helps you to comply with industry standards and regulations.
Granular permissions: IAM provides granular permissions, which means you can define precisely what each user or application is allowed to do within your AWS account. You can limit access to specific resources, restrict access to certain actions, and create custom policies to enforce your security requirements.
Scalability: IAM is designed to scale with your organization, allowing you to manage access to AWS resources for large numbers of users and applications.
Centralized management: IAM provides a centralized location to manage access to all your AWS services and resources, making it easy to administer and maintain access controls across your organization.
Cost control: IAM can help you control costs by ensuring that users and applications have access only to the resources they need. This helps to prevent unauthorized usage and reduces costs associated with over-provisioning.
Integration with other AWS services: IAM integrates with many other AWS services, such as Amazon S3, Amazon EC2, and AWS Lambda. This allows you to control access to these services and resources using IAM policies.

Overall, IAM provides a powerful and flexible way to manage access to your AWS resources, helping you to secure your data, comply with industry standards, and control costs.

How do you create an IAM user in AWS?

To create an IAM user in AWS, follow these steps:

Sign in to the AWS Management Console and open the IAM console.
In the navigation pane, click on “Users”.
Click on the “Add user” button.
Enter a name for the user in the “User name” field.
(Optional) Add a custom path for the user. This is useful for organizing your IAM users into groups.
Choose the access type for the user. You can choose between “Programmatic access”, “AWS Management Console access”, or both.
If you choose “Programmatic access”, you will need to create an access key and secret access key for the user. You can do this by clicking the “Create access key” button and following the instructions.
If you choose “AWS Management Console access”, you will need to set a password for the user. You can choose to let AWS generate a password for you or create one yourself.
Choose the permissions for the user. You can either add the user to an existing group with predefined permissions or attach a custom policy to the user.

Review your settings and click the “Create user” button.

After you create the IAM user, you will be able to view the access key and secret access key (if you created one) or the password (if you chose to set one) for the user. Be sure to securely store these credentials, as they are required for the user to access AWS services and resources.

What is the difference between an IAM user and an IAM role?

In AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM), an IAM user represents a person or application that interacts with AWS services and resources using security credentials, such as a username and password or access keys. An IAM role, on the other hand, is similar to a user, but it does not have any credentials associated with it. Instead, it is assumed by a trusted entity, such as an EC2 instance or a Lambda function, to obtain temporary security credentials for accessing AWS resources.

Here are some key differences between IAM users and IAM roles:

Credentials: IAM users have permanent credentials (such as username and password or access keys), while IAM roles do not have any credentials associated with them.
Assumable: IAM users are not assumable by other entities, whereas IAM roles can be assumed by trusted entities, such as an EC2 instance or a Lambda function.
Permissions: IAM users have a fixed set of permissions that are assigned to them through groups or policies, while IAM roles can have different permissions depending on the entity that assumes them.
Temporary: IAM roles provide temporary security credentials that are valid for a limited time, while IAM users have permanent credentials that are valid until they are revoked or rotated.

Overall, IAM roles provide a way to grant permissions to trusted entities without having to create and manage credentials for each individual entity. This can help to improve security by reducing the risk of credentials being compromised, and can also simplify management by allowing you to grant permissions at the role level rather than at the user level.

How do you grant permissions to an IAM user?

In AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM), you can grant permissions to an IAM user by attaching policies to the user. Policies are JSON documents that define permissions for specific actions on specific resources. Here are the general steps for granting permissions to an IAM user:

Navigate to the IAM dashboard in the AWS Management Console.
Click on “Users” in the left-hand navigation menu.
Select the user to whom you want to grant permissions and click on their name.
Click on the “Permissions” tab.
Click on “Add Permissions” to add a new policy.
Select either “Attach existing policies directly” to attach an existing policy, or “Create policy” to create a new policy.
If you select “Attach existing policies directly”, you can search for and select a policy from a list of available policies.
If you select “Create policy”, you can define the policy by specifying the actions, resources, and conditions that you want to grant permissions for.
After you have attached the policy or created a new policy, click on “Review policy” to review the policy details.

Click on “Add permissions” to attach the policy to the user.

Once the policy is attached to the user, they will have the permissions defined in the policy. You can also use IAM groups to manage permissions for multiple users at once, by attaching policies to the group instead of to individual users.

How do you create an IAM group in AWS?

In AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM), you can create an IAM group to manage permissions for a set of IAM users. Here are the general steps for creating an IAM group:

Navigate to the IAM dashboard in the AWS Management Console.
Click on “Groups” in the left-hand navigation menu.
Click on “Create New Group”.
Enter a name for the group and click on “Next Step”.
Attach policies to the group to grant permissions to the users in the group. You can either attach existing policies or create a custom policy for the group.
Click on “Create Group” to create the group.

Once the group is created, you can add IAM users to the group to grant them the permissions defined by the policies attached to the group. Here are the general steps for adding a user to an IAM group:

Navigate to the IAM dashboard in the AWS Management Console.
Click on “Users” in the left-hand navigation menu.
Select the user you want to add to the group and click on their name.
Click on the “Groups” tab.
Click on “Add User to Group”.
Select the group to which you want to add the user and click on “Add to Groups”.

Once the user is added to the group, they will inherit the permissions defined by the policies attached to the group.

What is the purpose of an IAM group?

In AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM), an IAM group is a container for IAM users. The purpose of an IAM group is to simplify the management of permissions for a set of users. Instead of attaching policies to each individual user, you can attach policies to a group, and all users in the group will inherit those permissions.

By creating IAM groups, you can manage permissions for a set of users who need to access the same AWS resources. For example, you might create an IAM group called “Developers” and attach policies to that group that allow the users in the group to create, modify, and delete AWS resources related to development. You can then add new users to the Developers group as needed, and they will automatically have the same permissions as the other members of the group.

IAM groups also allow you to easily revoke permissions for a set of users by removing their access to the group. This can be especially useful if a user changes roles within your organization or if they leave the organization entirely. Instead of having to remove permissions from the user’s IAM user account, you can simply remove their access to the group, and their permissions will be revoked.

How do you grant permissions to an IAM group?

In AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM), you can grant permissions to an IAM group by attaching policies to the group. When you attach a policy to an IAM group, all of the users in the group inherit the permissions defined by the policy. Here are the general steps for granting permissions to an IAM group:

Navigate to the IAM dashboard in the AWS Management Console.
Click on “Groups” in the left-hand navigation menu.
Select the group to which you want to grant permissions.
Click on the “Permissions” tab.
Click on “Attach Policy”.
Select the policy that you want to attach to the group. You can select an existing policy or create a custom policy for the group.
Click on “Attach Policy” to attach the policy to the group.

You can attach multiple policies to an IAM group to grant different levels of permissions to the users in the group. When you attach multiple policies, the permissions defined by each policy are merged together, and the user is granted the union of all permissions.

Once the policies are attached to the group, any user that is added to the group will inherit the permissions defined by the policies. Conversely, if a user is removed from the group, they will no longer inherit those permissions.

How do you create an IAM role in AWS?

In AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM), you can create an IAM role using the following steps:

Navigate to the IAM dashboard in the AWS Management Console.
Click on “Roles” in the left-hand navigation menu.
Click on the “Create Role” button.
Choose the “AWS service” as the trusted entity.
Select the service that will use the role from the list of services.
Choose the use case that best describes your scenario. You can select from the common use cases provided by AWS or create your own custom use case.
Click on the “Next: Permissions” button.
Choose the policies that you want to attach to the role. You can select an existing policy or create a custom policy for the role.
Click on the “Next: Tags” button if you want to add tags to the role (optional).

Click on the “Next: Review” button to review the role details.
Enter a name for the role in the “Role name” field.
Click on the “Create role” button to create the role.

After the role is created, you can use it to grant permissions to AWS resources. For example, you can use an IAM role to grant permissions to an AWS Lambda function to access an S3 bucket, or to allow EC2 instances to access other AWS services. You can also assign the role to an AWS resource, such as an EC2 instance or a Lambda function, to grant that resource access to the specified permissions.

What is the purpose of an IAM role?

In AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM), an IAM role is a set of permissions that define what actions an AWS service or resource can perform. The main purpose of an IAM role is to grant permissions to trusted entities, such as AWS services or applications, without having to share long-term access keys. IAM roles are temporary security credentials that can be assumed by trusted entities for a limited period of time.

IAM roles are typically used in the following scenarios:

Granting permissions to an AWS service: You can use an IAM role to grant permissions to an AWS service, such as an EC2 instance or an AWS Lambda function, to access other AWS services or resources. When you assign an IAM role to an AWS service, the service can assume the role and access the specified resources, without the need for long-term access keys.
Granting permissions to a third-party application: You can use an IAM role to grant permissions to a third-party application, such as a mobile app or a web application, to access AWS resources. When the application needs to access AWS resources, it can assume the role and access the specified resources, without the need for long-term access keys.
Delegating permissions to a user: You can use an IAM role to delegate permissions to a user, without having to create an IAM user account for that user. When the user needs to perform specific actions, they can assume the role and access the specified resources, without the need for long-term access keys.

Overall, the main purpose of an IAM role is to provide a secure and flexible way to grant temporary access to AWS resources, without compromising security or requiring the use of long-term access keys.

How do you grant permissions to an IAM role?

In AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM), you can grant permissions to an IAM role by attaching policies to the role. A policy is a document that specifies one or more permissions that define what actions the role can perform on AWS resources. You can attach one or more policies to an IAM role to grant permissions to that role.

Here are the steps to grant permissions to an IAM role:

Navigate to the IAM dashboard in the AWS Management Console.
Click on “Roles” in the left-hand navigation menu.
Select the IAM role to which you want to grant permissions.
Click on the “Permissions” tab.
Click on the “Attach policies” button.
Select the policy you want to attach to the role from the list of available policies.
Click on the “Attach policy” button to attach the policy to the role.

Alternatively, you can create a custom policy and attach it to the role. To create a custom policy, follow these steps:

Navigate to the IAM dashboard in the AWS Management Console.
Click on “Policies” in the left-hand navigation menu.
Click on the “Create policy” button.
Choose the policy type: either “Visual editor” or “JSON”.
Define the policy by specifying the actions, resources, and conditions that define the permissions.
Click on the “Review policy” button.
Enter a name and description for the policy.
Click on the “Create policy” button to create the policy.
Attach the policy to the IAM role, as described above.

After you attach policies to an IAM role, the role has the permissions specified in those policies. You can then use the IAM role to grant temporary access to AWS resources to trusted entities, such as AWS services or applications, without having to share long-term access keys.

How do you assume an IAM role?

To assume an IAM role in AWS, you must have permission to assume the role. This permission is granted by an existing IAM role, user, or AWS service that has a policy that allows the sts:AssumeRole action.

Once you have the necessary permissions, you can assume an IAM role using one of the following methods:

AWS Management Console: You can assume an IAM role in the AWS Management Console by selecting the role from the IAM console and clicking on the “Switch Role” button. You will be prompted to enter the account ID, role name, and external ID (if applicable) of the role you want to assume.
AWS CLI: You can use the AWS CLI to assume an IAM role by using the aws sts assume-role command. You will need to provide the ARN of the role you want to assume, the session name, and optionally an external ID if the role requires it.
AWS SDK: You can use one of the AWS SDKs to assume an IAM role programmatically in your code. Each SDK provides a method for assuming a role, such as assumeRole() in the Java SDK or AssumeRole() in the Python SDK.

When you assume an IAM role, you receive temporary security credentials that you can use to access AWS resources that the role has permission to access. These credentials include an access key ID, a secret access key, and a session token. You can use these credentials to make API calls to AWS services, as well as to access resources using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.

What is the difference between an IAM policy and an IAM role?

An IAM policy is a document that defines permissions to access AWS resources. It is attached to an IAM identity, such as an IAM user, group, or role, and it defines what actions the identity can perform on which resources.

On the other hand, an IAM role is an AWS identity that you can create in your account that has specific permissions. An IAM role does not have any credentials, like a password or access keys, associated with it. Instead, it is intended to be assumed by another AWS identity, such as an IAM user or an AWS service, to temporarily inherit its permissions.

The key difference between an IAM policy and an IAM role is that a policy is attached to an identity, while a role is a standalone entity. A policy is used to grant permissions to an identity, while a role is used to define the permissions that can be assumed by another identity.

In practical terms, this means that when you want to grant permissions to an IAM user or group, you use a policy to define those permissions and attach the policy to the user or group. When you want to grant permissions to an AWS service or to a user or group in another account, you use an IAM role and allow the other identity to assume that role to inherit its permissions.

Overall, IAM policies and roles are both important components of the AWS IAM service, and they are used together to provide secure and granular access control to AWS resources.

How do you create an IAM policy in AWS?

To create an IAM policy in AWS, you can follow these steps:

Sign in to the AWS Management Console and open the IAM console.
In the left navigation pane, select “Policies”.
Click on the “Create Policy” button.
Select the type of policy you want to create. You can either create a policy from scratch using the “JSON” tab, or you can use the “Visual editor” tab to create a policy using a visual interface.
If you selected the “JSON” tab, enter the policy document in the editor. If you selected the “Visual editor” tab, use the interface to select the actions, resources, and conditions you want to include in your policy.
Give your policy a name and description.
Click on the “Create Policy” button to create the policy.

Once you have created your policy, you can attach it to an IAM user, group, or role to grant permissions to that identity. You can also use your policy to create permission boundaries, which are policies that define the maximum permissions an identity can have.

What is the purpose of an IAM policy?

The purpose of an AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) policy is to define permissions for an IAM user, group, or role to access AWS resources. Policies are written in JSON format and contain one or more statements that specify the actions that are allowed or denied on a specified set of resources.

IAM policies are used to enforce the principle of least privilege, which means that users should have only the minimum permissions necessary to perform their job functions. By creating and attaching policies to IAM identities, you can ensure that your AWS resources are protected and that users have only the permissions they need to perform their tasks.

IAM policies can also be used to set up advanced permission scenarios such as cross-account access, resource-level permissions, and permission boundaries. Additionally, policies can be used to create permission policies that allow users to access resources within a specific time period or based on specific conditions.

Overall, IAM policies are an important component of the AWS IAM service and are used to provide fine-grained access control to AWS resources.

How do you attach an IAM policy to an IAM user?

To attach an IAM policy to an IAM user, you can follow these steps:

Sign in to the AWS Management Console and open the IAM console.
In the left navigation pane, select “Users”.
Select the IAM user to which you want to attach the policy.
Click on the “Permissions” tab.
Under the “Permissions policies” section, click on the “Add permissions” button.
Select “Attach existing policies directly”.
Select the checkbox next to the policy you want to attach to the user.
Click on the “Add permissions” button to attach the policy to the user.

After attaching the policy to the user, the user will have the permissions defined in the policy. If the user already had some permissions, the permissions from the policy will be added to their existing permissions.

You can also attach policies to IAM groups or roles, which allows you to manage permissions for multiple users at once.

How do you attach an IAM policy to an IAM group?

To attach an IAM policy to an IAM group, you can follow these steps:

Sign in to the AWS Management Console and open the IAM console.
In the left navigation pane, select “Groups”.
Select the IAM group to which you want to attach the policy.
Click on the “Permissions” tab.
Under the “Permissions policies” section, click on the “Attach policy” button.
Select “AWS managed policies” or “Customer managed policies” based on the type of policy you want to attach.
Select the checkbox next to the policy you want to attach to the group.
Click on the “Attach policy” button to attach the policy to the group.

After attaching the policy to the group, all the users in the group will inherit the permissions defined in the policy. If a user is a member of multiple groups, they will have the combined permissions from all the policies attached to those groups.

You can also attach policies to IAM users or roles, which allows you to manage permissions at a more granular level.

How do you attach an IAM policy to an IAM role?

To attach an IAM policy to an IAM role, you can follow these steps:

Sign in to the AWS Management Console and open the IAM console.
In the left navigation pane, select “Roles”.
Select the IAM role to which you want to attach the policy.
Click on the “Permissions” tab.
Under the “Permissions policies” section, click on the “Attach policy” button.
Select “AWS managed policies” or “Customer managed policies” based on the type of policy you want to attach.
Select the checkbox next to the policy you want to attach to the role.
Click on the “Attach policy” button to attach the policy to the role.

After attaching the policy to the role, any AWS service or user that assumes the role will have the permissions defined in the policy. This allows you to delegate permissions to other users or services without having to share your AWS credentials.

You can also create inline policies for IAM roles, which are policies that are embedded directly in the role. Inline policies are created and managed within the role, while managed policies are created and managed separately from the role.

What is multi-factor authentication (MFA) and how do you enable it for an IAM user?

Multi-factor authentication (MFA) is a security feature in AWS that adds an extra layer of protection to IAM users’ accounts by requiring users to provide two forms of authentication: their regular IAM user name and password, as well as a unique security code generated by a virtual or hardware MFA device.

To enable MFA for an IAM user, you can follow these steps:

Sign in to the AWS Management Console and open the IAM console.
In the left navigation pane, select “Users”.
Select the IAM user for which you want to enable MFA.
Click on the “Security credentials” tab.
Under the “Multi-factor authentication (MFA)” section, click on the “Manage” button.
Follow the on-screen instructions to select the type of MFA device you want to use, such as a virtual MFA device or a hardware MFA device.
Once you have selected the type of device, follow the instructions to associate the device with the user’s IAM account.
Once the device has been associated with the user’s account, click on the “Activate MFA” button to enable MFA for the user.

After enabling MFA for the user, the next time the user signs in to the AWS Management Console, they will be prompted to enter their regular IAM user name and password, as well as the unique security code generated by their MFA device. This provides an extra layer of security to help prevent unauthorized access to their AWS account.

What is cross-account access in AWS IAM?

Cross-account access in AWS IAM refers to the ability of an IAM user from one AWS account to access resources or services in another AWS account. This can be useful in scenarios where an organization needs to share resources or services across multiple AWS accounts, such as when multiple teams are working on a project or when an organization wants to provide services to external clients.

To enable cross-account access, you need to create an IAM role in the target AWS account and define permissions for the role. Then, you can grant permission to another AWS account to assume the role, either by using an IAM user from the other account or by using a resource-based policy.

Once permission has been granted, an IAM user from the other AWS account can assume the role and access the resources or services defined in the role’s permissions. This provides a secure way to share resources and services between AWS accounts while maintaining granular control over access and permissions.

It’s important to note that cross-account access must be enabled by both the source and target AWS accounts and that it requires careful configuration to ensure that only authorized users have access to resources or services.

How do you configure cross-account access using IAM roles?

To configure cross-account access using IAM roles, you can follow these general steps:

Create an IAM role in the target AWS account: In the target AWS account, create an IAM role with the necessary permissions that the IAM user in the source account will need to access resources or services.
Define a trust policy for the IAM role: The trust policy specifies which AWS accounts are allowed to assume the IAM role. You can define this policy by specifying the account ID of the source AWS account or by using a more advanced policy that allows access to multiple accounts.
Create an IAM user in the source AWS account: Create an IAM user in the source AWS account that will assume the IAM role in the target AWS account.
Grant the IAM user permission to assume the IAM role: You can grant this permission either by attaching an IAM policy to the IAM user that allows it to assume the role or by adding the IAM user to an IAM group that has the necessary permissions.
Assume the IAM role: The IAM user in the source AWS account can assume the IAM role in the target AWS account using the AWS Management Console, AWS CLI, or AWS SDK.

By following these steps, you can configure cross-account access using IAM roles to securely access resources or services in another AWS account. It’s important to note that careful configuration and management of cross-account access is crucial for maintaining security and compliance in your AWS environment.

How do you audit IAM user activity in AWS?

You can audit IAM user activity in AWS using AWS CloudTrail. AWS CloudTrail provides a detailed history of events and API calls made by IAM users and roles in your AWS account, including information about who made the request, when it was made, and which resources were involved.

To audit IAM user activity using AWS CloudTrail, you can follow these general steps:

Enable AWS CloudTrail: Enable AWS CloudTrail in your AWS account, and configure it to log events related to IAM user activity.
Create a trail: Create a CloudTrail trail that specifies the S3 bucket and Amazon SNS topic for log file delivery and notifications.
Review logs: Review the CloudTrail logs in the S3 bucket or in the CloudTrail console to identify any unauthorized or suspicious activity by IAM users.
Analyze logs: Use AWS tools such as Amazon Athena or Amazon EMR to analyze the CloudTrail logs and generate insights about IAM user activity patterns.
Set up alerts: Set up alerts using Amazon CloudWatch to get notifications when specific types of events occur in your AWS account, such as failed IAM user login attempts or changes to IAM user permissions.

By auditing IAM user activity using AWS CloudTrail, you can maintain visibility into who is accessing resources in your AWS account and ensure that IAM users are only performing authorized actions.

What is AWS Single Sign-On (SSO) and how does it work with IAM?

AWS Single Sign-On (SSO) is a service that enables users to sign in to multiple AWS accounts and business applications using a single set of credentials. With SSO, administrators can centrally manage access to AWS accounts and applications, while users can access these resources without the need for separate sets of credentials for each one.

AWS SSO integrates with IAM by using IAM roles to grant users access to AWS accounts and applications. When a user logs in to the AWS SSO portal using their SSO credentials, AWS SSO generates a set of temporary security credentials that are associated with an IAM role. These credentials are then used to authenticate the user and provide access to the AWS resources associated with that role.

By using IAM roles with AWS SSO, administrators can centrally manage user access to multiple AWS accounts and applications, and ensure that users only have access to the resources they need to do their job. IAM policies can be applied to IAM roles to further restrict user access to specific resources and actions. Additionally, AWS SSO supports single sign-on with third-party applications, such as Salesforce and Office 365, allowing users to access these applications using their SSO credentials.

How do you use IAM with AWS services such as EC2, S3, and RDS?

IAM can be used to grant permissions to AWS services such as EC2, S3, and RDS. Here are some examples:

EC2: IAM can be used to control access to EC2 instances, volumes, and snapshots. To grant permissions, you can create an IAM policy that allows access to specific EC2 resources, and then attach the policy to an IAM user, group, or role. For example, you can create a policy that allows an IAM user to launch and terminate EC2 instances, and then attach the policy to the user.
S3: IAM can be used to control access to S3 buckets and objects. To grant permissions, you can create an IAM policy that allows access to specific S3 buckets and objects, and then attach the policy to an IAM user, group, or role. For example, you can create a policy that allows an IAM user to upload and download objects in a specific S3 bucket, and then attach the policy to the user.
RDS: IAM can be used to control access to RDS instances and resources. To grant permissions, you can create an IAM policy that allows access to specific RDS resources, and then attach the policy to an IAM user, group, or role. For example, you can create a policy that allows an IAM user to manage RDS instances, such as creating or deleting an RDS instance, and then attach the policy to the user.

In addition to these examples, IAM can be used to control access to many other AWS services, such as Lambda, DynamoDB, and SQS. By using IAM, you can control who can access your AWS resources, and what they can do with those resources, helping to improve the security and compliance of your AWS environment.

How do you use IAM to ensure compliance with industry standards and regulations?

IAM provides various features that can help to ensure compliance with industry standards and regulations. Some examples of how to use IAM for compliance are:

Enforce strong password policies: IAM enables the creation of password policies that enforce complexity requirements, password expiration, and password reuse prevention. These policies can help organizations comply with standards like PCI DSS, which require strong passwords.
Use IAM roles to limit access: IAM roles can be used to limit access to AWS resources to only those users who need it. This can help comply with regulations like HIPAA, which requires that access to protected health information (PHI) is limited to only authorized users.
Monitor and log all user activity: IAM can be used to monitor and log all user activity in AWS. This can help organizations comply with regulations like GDPR, which require that personal data is protected and that organizations have visibility into who accesses this data and how it is used.
Enable multi-factor authentication (MFA): IAM can be used to enable MFA for all users accessing AWS resources. This can help comply with regulations like NIST 800-53, which requires that multi-factor authentication is used for remote access to systems that contain sensitive information.

By using IAM to enforce strong password policies, limit access, monitor user activity, and enable MFA, organizations can help ensure compliance with industry standards and regulations.

AWS EC2 interview questions and answers

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